Autism

Neurodevelopmental Disorders & Learning Differences

Childhood Disintegrative Disorder (CDD): Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment Explained

Authored by: The DrSensory Editorial Team

Reviewed by: 🛡️ DrSensory Clinical Review Board

Last updated: June 2025

All medical content on this page has been reviewed and approved by licensed Doctors on the DrSensory Clinical Review Board. Our reviewers follow strict editorial standards and ensure alignment with current APTA guidelines, evidence-based practice, and orthopedic rehabilitation protocols.

What is Childhood Disintegrative Disorder (CDD)?

Childhood Disintegrative Disorder (CDD) is a rare developmental condition characterized by a dramatic loss of previously acquired skills in children who had typical development for at least the first 2 to 3 years of life. These children suddenly regress in areas such as language, motor skills, social interaction, and bladder or bowel control.

CDD is now considered part of the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) under the DSM-5, but it was previously categorized as a distinct disorder due to its late onset and severe regression.

How is Childhood Disintegrative Disorder different from autism?

While Childhood Disintegrative Disorder is now grouped under the autism spectrum, it differs from traditional autism in several key ways:

  • Later onset: CDD symptoms typically begin between ages 2 and 10, after a period of normal development.
  • Sudden regression: Children with CDD experience a rapid and noticeable loss of skills, unlike the more gradual developmental challenges seen in most autism cases.
  • More severe impact: The decline in functioning is often more extreme and widespread, affecting multiple areas of development at once.

Today, CDD is generally diagnosed as Level 2 or Level 3 ASD, based on the severity of the individual’s needs.

What are the signs and symptoms of Childhood Disintegrative Disorder?

Key signs of Childhood Disintegrative Disorder include:

  • Loss of speech and language skills
  • Loss of motor abilities like walking or coordination
  • Loss of social engagement, including eye contact and interest in peers
  • Regression in self-care skills, including toilet training
  • Emergence of repetitive behaviors, anxiety, or sensory sensitivities

Symptoms often develop suddenly over days or weeks, distinguishing CDD from typical autism onset. It’s essential to seek evaluation by a pediatric neurologist or developmental specialist as soon as regression is observed.

How is Childhood Disintegrative Disorder diagnosed and treated?

Diagnosis of CDD involves:

  • A thorough developmental history
  • Behavioral assessments
  • Ruling out neurological or medical conditions (e.g., seizures, brain disorders)

Because CDD is now part of Autism Spectrum Disorder, clinicians use ASD criteria from the DSM-5 and determine the level of support needed.
Treatment is similar to that for autism and may include:

  • Behavioral therapy (ABA)
  • Speech and occupational therapy
  • Social skills training
  • Medications to manage symptoms like anxiety or aggression

Early and consistent intervention is crucial to help the child regain some skills and improve quality of life.

This page provides general educational content and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult a licensed provider for diagnosis and treatment.

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