This refers to moving a body part, such as an arm or leg, away from the midline of the body. An example of this motion is spreading your arms and legs outward while doing a snow angel.

These are routine activities necessary for personal care, such as eating, dressing, bathing, and grooming.

The movement of a body part using a combination of the individual’s muscle effort and assistance from a therapist or assistive tool.

The ability to move joints without needing any external assistance, relying solely on one’s own muscular power.

The opposite of abduction; this involves bringing a body part, like an arm or leg, back toward the midline of the body.

Tools or equipment, such as crutches, walkers, or canes, designed to aid in mobility or performing everyday tasks.

A condition characterized by difficulty in muscle coordination, often resulting in shaky, unsteady, or clumsy movements.

The ability to stay steady and not fall, even when moving.

The part of the body touching the ground that helps with stability, like the feet while standing.

Changing habits or actions to help reduce pain or prevent injuries.

Something that involves both sides of the body, such as both arms or both legs.

A way to examine how the body moves to find areas of weakness, misalignment, or strength, which can help improve function and prevent injuries.

A crack or break in a bone that can range from a small split to a complete break.

Swelling or irritation of the small fluid-filled sacs in the joints, often caused by repeated movements or overuse.

A muscle action where the muscle shortens as it contracts, like when lifting an object by curling your arm.

The area in the middle of the body, including the stomach and back muscles, which is important for stability and strength.

A type of knee pain caused by repetitive leg motion, often experienced during activities like cycling.

A term that refers to anything related to the neck.

The part of the spine located in the neck, made up of seven small bones.

Pain that lasts for more than three months and often comes and goes over time.

When the heel tilts outward, causing the arch of the foot to appear flatter.

When the heel tilts inward, creating a higher arch in the foot.

A condition where a nerve in the wrist gets compressed, leading to tingling, numbness, or pain in the hand, wrist, or arm.

The exact day, month, and year when a surgical procedure occurred.

A condition where muscles have less resistance to movement, which may lead to unstable joints and muscle weakening.

An abnormal structure or shape within the body.

The capability to move one limb separately from another.

Describes something located farther away from the center or midline of the body.

Refers to movement and activity, as opposed to being still or static.

When a muscle contracts while lengthening, such as during the lowering phase of a bicep curl.

A therapy technique that uses electrical impulses to contract muscles, reduce pain, and enhance function.

The ability to sustain physical activity or effort over a period of time without significant fatigue.

The motion of straightening a body part, increasing the angle between two bones. For example, straightening the elbow lowers the arm.

The outward rotation of a joint, moving it away from the body, like when arms form a goal post shape with elbows bent at 90 degrees.

Exercises that build strength and skills necessary for daily life activities.

Small and precise movements that use smaller muscle groups, such as those required for activities like writing or typing.

The bending of a body part, like bending the elbow to bring the hand closer to the mouth. This reduces the angle between two bones at a joint.

Movements that help improve balance, strength, and coordination to support everyday tasks.

A condition where the knees angle outward, often referred to as "bow-legged."

A therapy method used to loosen tight soft tissue and break down scar tissue in the body.

Large-scale physical movements that require significant muscle coordination, such as walking or jumping.

The pattern or style of walking.

A condition where the knees angle inward, often called "knock-kneed."

Muscles at the back of the thigh that bend the knee and extend the hip.

A record of past symptoms or medical conditions.

A set of PT-prescribed exercises for practicing at home.

Lying on the back with knees bent and feet flat on the ground.

Moving the arms away from the body horizontally.

When a joint moves beyond its normal range.

Excessive extension movement of a joint.

Increased muscle tone causing stiffness or tightness.

Reduced joint movement due to tightness or structural issues.

Decreased muscle tone causing floppiness.

Muscle resistance that is higher than normal, often resulting in stiffness.

A challenge in maintaining balance or control, which can sometimes cause falls.

The inward turning of a joint toward the center of the body, such as when crossing the arms over the chest.

An exercise where muscles are engaged and contract without producing any movement, such as pushing against a stationary object.

The place where two or more bones meet, allowing movement.

The ability to sense body movements, including direction and speed, through signals from joints.

A curving of the spine that creates a rounded appearance in the upper back; excessive kyphosis leads to a very pronounced curve.

A type of tissue that connects one bone to another.

An injury occurring to a ligament, often caused by stretching or tearing.

An inward curvature of the spine, noticeable in the cervical (neck) and lumbar (lower back) regions.

A sitting position where the legs are extended straight out in front.

Related to the lower back area of the body.

The section of the spine located in the lower back, consisting of five lumbar vertebrae.

A physical therapy technique where the therapist uses their hands to move a specific body part.

A treatment that focuses on massaging and manipulating muscles and soft tissues to relieve tension or pain.

An imaginary line that divides the body into equal left and right halves.

The ability to move the body freely and perform everyday activities.

The coordination between the nervous system and muscles to regulate movement effectively.

The process of organizing and carrying out purposeful movements.

An injury resulting from a collision involving a motor vehicle.

The capacity of a muscle to stretch and enable normal joint movement.

An injury involving an overstretched or torn muscle or tendon.

The natural level of tension present in a muscle while it is at rest.

A medical specialty centered on diagnosing and treating disorders of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

A physical therapist with advanced training and expertise in rehabilitating neurological conditions.

A condition where no weight can be placed on a specific limb, often required after surgery or injury.

Pertains to correcting or treating deformities and issues involving muscles and bones.

A branch of physical therapy focused on addressing injuries and conditions affecting the musculoskeletal system, which includes bones, muscles, ligaments, and joints.

A condition or state where something is tilted or slanted.

A condition commonly referred to as flat feet.

A therapeutic discipline that focuses on helping individuals recover from physical impairments through methods such as exercise, massage, heat therapy, and other non-surgical and non-medicinal treatments. This often includes working on skills like transfers, walking, and stair climbing in a rehabilitation setting.

A band of connective tissue running along the arch of the foot, from the heel to the ball of the foot.

A condition characterized by pain in the heel and bottom of the foot, often caused by overuse, structural foot issues, or improper footwear.

A position where the individual lies on their stomach with their face down.

The process of gradually increasing the intensity of exercise to build strength and endurance.

The body's ability to sense its position, movement, and resistance in space.

Refers to being closer to the center of the body or the point of attachment.

The ability to apply a specific amount of weight through a limb, but not the full body weight. For example, 50% weight bearing means only half of the body weight can be placed on the injured limb, often requiring the use of an assistive device to alleviate the remaining weight.

A physical therapist with expertise in the rehabilitation and care of children.

A group of muscles located at the front of the thigh that is responsible for straightening the knee.

A type of walking aid similar to a standard cane but designed with a base that has four points of contact on the ground. This provides more stability and support, often used by individuals recovering from conditions like strokes or those with significant mobility challenges.

An automatic or involuntary response to a stimulus.

A detailed plan that outlines the stages of exercises and movements following an injury or surgery to ensure safe recovery.

A structured physical therapy plan aimed at recovery and improving function after an injury or surgery.

A common method used to treat minor injuries such as sprains or strains by reducing pain, swelling, and inflammation.

A sitting posture where a person sits upright on the buttocks with the legs positioned to form a circular shape in front, rather than being crossed.

Movement of a joint or limb performed by a physical therapist or device without any effort from the person.

A long-term inflammatory autoimmune disease that mainly affects the joints, leading to symptoms like pain, stiffness, swelling, and joint damage.

The extent a joint can move in specific directions, often measured in degrees (e.g., bending or straightening).

A condition where a joint, often the knee, bends backward beyond its normal range.

A simple type of walking cane with a straight shaft and a single point at the base, primarily used for balance and minimal support. Also referred to as a standard or single-point cane.

A type of injury that occurs when a muscle or tendon is stretched or torn.

A position where the body is lying flat on its back, with the face turned upward.

Guidelines provided after surgery to protect the surgical site and ensure proper healing (e.g., avoiding hip flexion past 90 degrees after a hip replacement to prevent dislocation).

Referring to a state in which the left and right sides of the body mirror each other in appearance or structure.

Related to the sacrum, the group of fused vertebrae located at the base of the spine.

A condition where the spine develops a sideways curve.

A method of pelvic floor therapy that uses visual feedback to display muscle activity during pelvic floor exercises.

A sitting position where the body rests on one hip, with the legs bent and positioned to the opposite side.

Increased muscle tension that leads to stiffness and awkward movements.

A condition involving inflammation of a tendon.

Related to the upper back area of the body.

The portion of the spine located in the upper back, made up of 12 thoracic vertebrae.

Refers to performing an activity or action, like an exercise or stretch, three times within a 24-hour period.

A surgical procedure, commonly called a hip replacement, where a damaged hip joint is replaced with an artificial one.

The natural level of tension present in a muscle when it is at rest.

Increased sensitivity to touch, where unexpected light touch sensations may cause a strong emotional or negative reaction.

Sitting on the floor with the buttocks down and legs crossed, often referred to as "pretzel sitting."

A type of tissue that connects muscles to bones.

A medical imaging technique that uses sound waves to create pictures of internal organs, tissues, or structures.

A therapeutic treatment that uses sound waves to enhance blood circulation.

Occurring or affecting only one side of the body.

An exercise machine focused on the upper body that measures and controls arm cycling speed and resistance.

Stimulation of the inner ear structures (the vestibular apparatus) that helps the body sense movement, acceleration, and overall positioning in space.

The system in the body that controls balance and the sense of spatial orientation.

The individual bones that stack to form the spinal column, providing support and structure to the back.

The act of putting weight on limbs, such as during standing or walking.

Allowing weight to be placed on a specific body part, like a leg, as much as is comfortable without causing excessive pain.

The permitted level of weight that can be supported by a specific part of the body, often following an injury or surgery.

Moving body weight from one side to another or in different directions, like side-to-side or forward and backward.

A mobility device with wheels designed to assist individuals with balance difficulties in moving safely.